Mineral Kritikal dari Perspektif Keselamatan Negara: Critical Minerals from a National Security Perspective

Badhrulhisham Abdul Aziz

doi:10.47548/ijistra.2021.38

المؤلفون

Badhrulhisham Abdul Aziz Global Rare Earth Technology

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47548/ijistra.2021.38

الكلمات المفتاحية:

Mineral Kritikal, Keselamatan Negara, Nadir Bumi

الملخص

Mineral kritikal (menurut United States Geological Survey, USGS) boleh dikategorikan sebagai 'komoditi mineral yang mempunyai kegunaan penting serta tiada pengganti berdaya maju, namun berdepan dengan potensi gangguan bekalan, ditakrifkan sebagai kritikal kepada keselamatan ekonomi dan negara'. Dalam tempoh 10 tahun yang lepas, negara-negara seperti Australia, Kesatuan Eropah (EU) dan Amerika Syarikat telah mula berusaha mengenal pasti, mengkategori dan memprioritikan secara strategik mineral kritikal, contohnya nadir bumi. Walaupun Malaysia kaya dengan mineral berharga (dengan anggaran nilai rizabnya sebanyak RM 4.11 trilion; dimana kemungkinan besar RM 1 trilion boleh dianggarkan sebagai nilai mineral kritikal), ia masih belum membangunkan pelan komprehensif untuk mineral kritikal yang boleh diekstrak. Kertas kerja ini, yang berdasarkan laporan tempatan dan antarabangsa bersama-sama dengan data yang boleh dipercayai, mencadangkan untuk Malaysia mula meneroka usaha mengenal pasti kedudukan sumber-sumber penting dengan sewajarnya. Seterusnya negara perlu mewujudkan perancangan strategik yang komprehensif dalam memelihara dan menggunakan mineral kritikal ini, dengan mengambilkira risiko rantaian bekalan dan pembangunan teknologi yang merupakan perkara antara paling utama kepada keselamatan negara.

Critical mineral (according to United States Geological Survey, USGS) can be categorized as ‘mineral commodities that have important uses and no viable substitutes, yet face potential disruption in supply, are defined as critical to the nation’s economic and national security’. In the last 10 years, countries such as Australia, Europe United (EU) and USA have started making the efforts in identifying, categorizing, and prioritizing strategically the critical minerals e.g., rare earth. While Malaysia is rich in valuable minerals (with its reserve estimated value at RM 4.11 trillion; most probably RM 1 trillion estimated to be the value of critical minerals), it has yet to develop a comprehensive plan for the critical minerals that can be extracted from the minerals. Systematic and useful data and information on critical minerals has yet to be established. This paper, which is based on local and international reports together with established data, is attempting to propose for Malaysia to explore the possibility of identifying and ranking its important resources accordingly and subsequently establish comprehensive strategic planning in preserving and utilizing these metals, taking into account supply risks and technological development that are paramount to national security.

التنزيلات

بيانات التنزيل غير متوفرة بعد.

المراجع

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