Perjanjian damai Filipina-Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) dan komitmen Presiden Benigno Aquino III
The Philippines-Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) peace agreement and the commitment of President Benigno Aquino III
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47548/ijistra.2020.2Keywords:
perjanjian damai, rundingan, Moro Islamic Liberation Front , Filipina, BangsamoroAbstract
Komitmen dan kepimpinan Presiden Benigno Aquino III menjadi titik tolak penting kepada termeterainya perjanjian damai antara Republik Filipina dengan Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) bermula dari tahun 2012 hingga berakhir tempoh pentadbirannya sebagai Presiden Filipina pada bulan Jun 2016. Sikapnya yang terbuka, lebih bertolak ansur dan memahami keadaan rakyatnya membolehkan beliau mengadakan siri rundingan dan perjanjian dengan MILF bagi mengembalikan keamanan di Selatan Filipina. Berbanding dengan presiden-presiden sebelumnya, Presiden Aquino dilihat memiliki karisma dan kemahiran kepimpinan yang tinggi sehingga berupaya merencana dan mempertahankan perjanjian damai yang ditandatangani demi mewujudkan Bangsamoro Autonomous Region. Ia merupakan satu pencapaian terbesar yang telah dicapai Filipina menerusi kepimpinan Aquino setelah 17 tahun berhadapan dengan pelbagai bentuk halangan dan kegagalan dalam merealisasikan perjanjian damai yang efektif dengan MILF dan Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF). Di tahun terakhir pentadbiran Aquino, perjanjian damai dan Bangsamoro Basic Law (BBL) berada dalam fasa terakhir untuk dilaksanakan sehinggalah kepimpinannya Aquino diambil alih oleh Presiden Rodrigo Duterte pada bulan Jun 2016. Justeru, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menilai komitmen Presiden Aquino dalam menggerakkan proses rundingan damai selain turut menganalisis Comprehensive Bangsamoro Agreement (CAB) dan Bangsamoro Basic Law (BBL) dalam aspek-aspek terpilih. Analisis dalam kajian ini menggunakan rekod-rekod daripada sumber primer dan sekunder meliputi akhbar, laporan, dokumen perjanjian, bil senat, buku dan artikel jurnal.
President Benigno Aquino III's commitment and leadership were very pivotal for the signing of a peace agreement between the Republic of the Philippines and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) from 2012 until the end of his term as President of the Philippines in June 2016. His open-minded attitude, tolerance and understanding of his people allowed him to hold a series of negotiations and agreements with the MILF to restore peace in Southern Philippines. Compared to previous presidents, President Aquino was seen to have strong charisma and leadership skills that enabled him to plan and defend the peace agreement in order to create the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region. It was one of the biggest achievements in the Philippines-Moro peace negotiations that was finally achieved through Aquino's period of leadership after 17 years ended, and the presidency of facing various obstacles and failures in realizing an effective peace agreement with the MILF and Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF). Towards the end of the Aquino administration, the peace treaty and the Bangsamoro Basic Law (BBL) were in the final stages of implementation before Aquino's leadership was taken over by President Rodrigo Duterte in June 2016. This article aims to assess President Aquino's commitment in conducting the peace talks besides analyzing the Comprehensive Bangsamoro Agreement (CAB) and Bangsamoro Basic Law (BBL) in selected aspects. The analysis in this study utilized the records from primary and secondary sources including newspapers, reports, agreement documents, senate bills, books and journal articles.
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