Veto Power in the United Nations Security Council: Evolving World Politics and Development

Kuasa Veto dalam Majlis Keselamatan Pertubuhan Bangsa-bangsa Bersatu: Dinamika Politik Dunia dan Kemajuan Global

Abstract

The development of international order based on cooperation manifested in bilateral and later multilateral relations led to the establishment of the League of Nations and later the United Nations. The major foundation on which the United Nations was based is cooperation and collaboration that was filtered in the veto right of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council. Agreement among the five permanent members was considered essential to global peace. The study aims to examine the use of the veto power by the five permanent members of the Security Council to determine its effectiveness in promoting international peace from the unfolding world politics. The study finds that the old ways of multilateral negotiations which were based on defending national interests are no longer adequate in addressing the problems of the rapidly changing world.

Pembangunan orde antarabangsa berdasarkan kerjasama global, awalnya melalui hubungan dua hala dan kemudian beralih ke hubungan pelbagai hala, membawa kepada pembentukan Liga Bangsa-bangsa dan kemudian Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu (PBB). Asas utama penubuhan PBB berdasarkan semangat kerjasama dan kolaborasi tercermin dalam hak veto yang diberikan kepada lima anggota tetap Majlis Keselamatan. Kesepakatan antara lima anggota ini dianggap penting untuk keamanan global. Kajian ini bertujuan menilai penggunaan kuasa veto oleh anggota tetap tersebut untuk menilai keberkesanannya dalam memelihara keamanan antarabangsa di tengah politik dunia yang terus berubah. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa pendekatan rundingan multilateral yang lama, yang berfokus pada kepentingan nasional, tidak lagi memadai dalam menangani cabaran dunia yang berkembang pesat.